Following are official correspondence all that mention Tazewell, Tennesse.  Tazewell was Headquarters of several Divisions of the Union Army during the Civil War

(some records may be accessed by clicking on blue heading)


Chapter XXVIII. CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.-UNION

 

HDQRS. THIRD BRIG., FOURTH DIV., 23rd ARMY CORPS,
In the Field, 19 Miles southwest of Tazewell,

September 5, 1863-12 o'clock.

Lieutenant Colonel GEORGE B. DRAKE,

Assistant-Adjutant-General:

Information from the gap on yesterday that the rebels were still there, but expecting to move two regiments of cavalry, and a small body of infantry are reported to have been there yesterday. It is the opinion of the citizens along the road that they are gone. I shall press forward until I receive definite information as to their where-abouts, and will, if possible, intercept them. I find a great quantity of corn on this road, considerable hay, wheat, and rye.

I am, colonel, &c.,

J. M. SHACKELFORD,

Brigadier-General.

 

HDQRS. THIRD BRIG., FOURTH DIV., 23rd ARMY CORPS,
South of Clinch River, 10 1/2 Miles of Tazewell, Tenn.,

September 5, 1863-12 p.m.

Lieutenant Colonel G. B. DRAKE,
Assistant Adjutant-General:

My advance is in Tazewell, Tenn. We met the enemy's pickets as the river. The advance, under Major Carpenter, Second Tennessee Mounted Infantry, was fired into twice between this and town. He found from 60 to 100 of the enemy in town. He dispatches me that the Union citizens report from 3,000 to 4,000 at the gap, 2,000 being cavalry. I shall move up at once to Tazewell, and dispatch you again.

I am, colonel,&c.,

J. M. SHACKELFORD,
Brigadier-General, Commanding, &c.

 

 

HEADQUARTERST TWENTY-THIRD ARMY CORPS,
Knoxville, Tenn., September 10, 1863.

Colonel FRANK WOLFORD,

Commanding Independent Brigade:

The general commanding the corps directs you to establish a courier line between here and Cumberland Gap immediately, via Tazewell, the posts to be 10 miles apart, 3 couriers to be on each post. The officer under whose supervision it is to be established you will order to report here at once. The general directs you to send 3 men here as soon as you can, to take a dispatch through to Cumberland Gap.

I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant,

GEO. B. DRAKE,

Assistant Adjutant-General.

 

 

HEADQUARTERS NINTH ARMY CORPS,
Lexington, Ky., September 12, 1863.

Brigadier General EDWARD FERRERO,

Commanding First Division, Ninth Army Corps:

GENERAL: The commanding general desires me to communicate the following orders to you:

It is of the utmost importance that we move at once, and with as few wagons as possible. The Second Division is now moving with but two wagons per regiment including headquarters. As Soon as a wagon is empty send it back, and let it forage its way. This will save much transportation.

You should leave Crab Orchard with fifteen days' in wagon of light rations, and as much as the men can well carry. Have beef enough on the hoof so that in case of delay we can decrease the other rations and increase the beef. We must depend on the country exclusively for coarse forage, and to some extent for corn. Do not wait for trains if they are near enough to overtake you. Take all the wagons necessary you can lay your hands on. It is of vital importance that we move as soon as possible and press forward with all dispatch. Have you not a larger ammunition train than is necessary? If so, turn in surplus to ordnance officer at Crab Orchard.

Employ such scouts and guides as may be necessary. Look out for attempts to cut off your trains, particularly from your left flank. Move with as much dispatch as you can without breaking down your men. Move on the route via Barboursville and Cumberland Ford and Gap, thence via Tazewell to Knoxville.

I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,

N. BOWEN,

Assistant Adjutant-General.

 

MORRISTOWN, September 30, 1863.

General BURNSIDE:

At 1 o'clock this p.m. Colonel Carter was at Bull's Gap, having halted there, whether with intention of making a stand or rest, my informant did not know. Just received dispatch from Lieutenant Ronder, commanding patrol, stating that 400 rebels, armed and mounted, were approaching Tazewell. Were mete by home guards, who were skirmishing and holding them in check.

HOSKINS,

Colonel.

 

Chapter XLI. THE BRISTOE, VIRGINIA, CAMPAIGN

His Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIS,

President Confederate States.

HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA, October 19, 1863.

SIR: I have the honor to receive your letter of the 16th instant. I am doubtful as yet whether General Meade will remain on the defensive or again make a movement upon Richmond. I left him fortifying his line along Bull Run, which extended northerly across the Little River turnpike at Chantilly, where he was constructing a redoubt in the yard [?]. Before a permanent advance on his part can be made, he will be obliged to reconstruct the Orange and Alexandria Railroad from Cub Run to the Rappahannock. I suppose a few days will disclose his intentions. Our cavalry is still north of the Rappahannock.

If General Meade is disposed to remain quiet where he is, it was my intention, provided the army could be supplied with clothing, again to advance and threaten his positions. Nothing prevented my continuing in his front the destitute condition of the men, thousands of whom are bearfooted, a greater number partially shod, and nearly all without overcoats, blankets, or warm clothing. I think the sublimest sight of the war was the cheerfulness and alacrity exhibited by this army in the pursuit of the enemy under all the trials and privations to which it was exposed. I now occupy the line of the Rappahannock. I appreciate the advantages of regaining East Tennessee, but fear the object will not be accomplished by sending a portion of the army to General Samuel Jones. I do not know the difficulties that he has ha to contend with, but at this distance it has not seemed to me that he had done all that might have been accomplished with the forces under his control. He ranks every major-general in this army, including those in Longstreet's corps. I am not satisfied that he knows the force opposed to him. His reports are rather conflicting. Before sent back Core's brigade, I urged him to retain it, to concentrate his troops, and advance to Knoxville, but he then thought that there was only cavalry in his front, and that nothing could be accomplished. I do not now see the necessity, even though five Indiana regiments should have passed through Tazewell en route to Morristown, for General Williams, abandoning Bristol. Morristown is 70 miles from Bristol and about 30 from Tazewell. He might have at least waited the approach of the enemy, who seems to have been a hundred miles from him. If General Jones will concentrate his troops and march against the enemy, he may repulse him. If the object of the latter be the destruction of the salt-works, I fear no part of this army could reach there in time to prevent it, as the distance is nearly 300 miles. Before it could reach East Tennessee, I fear the season would be so far advanced as to render all efforts unavailing. If re-enforcements are to be sent to the West, I think it best that they should go to Chattanooga, where a winter's campaign would be practicable. Although we might be able to drive from Williamsburg, Yorktown, and Gloucester Point, we should have to abandon them, as troops could not be spared for their defense.

The reported invasion of North Carolina by General Foster ought to be confirmed before moving troops so far to oppose it. Should such an attempt be made, I would recommend that all the troops in that State and those from near Richmond be immediately sent to meet it, and I could replace those taken from Richmond by other troops from this army. I think it highly important to keep our troops as active as possible, and to strike the enemy at every vulnerable point, and should be very glad to use this army wherever it can be of most service. I would not, however, recommend that it be too much dispersed until we have some reason to believe that the army of General Meade, now greatly it superior in numbers, has abandoned the contest for this campaign.

If you can give me any exact information as to the numbers and position of the enemy at any pont where you think it most expedient to send the troops, I shall be very glad to meet your views.

Very respectfully, your obedient servant,

R. E. LEE,

General.

 

 

 

NOVEMBER 19, 1863.-Skirmish at Mulberry Gap, Tennessee

Report of Brigadier General Orlando B. Willcox, U. S. Army.

TAZEWELL, Tennessee, November 20, 1863.

I have the honor to report everything comes through in good order. The rebel force that was at Kingsport seems to have been concentrating several days toward Cumberland Gap. At Mulberry Gap and Sneedville it is reported that a considerable force was crossing Clinch River at Walker's Ford to-day, 7 miles above Sneedville. That is probably the force that moved down toward Rogersville. A small scouting party, under command of Captain Hammond, Sixty-fifth Indiana, mounted, charged through the camp of a rebel regiment (Sixty-fourth Virginia), and scattered it at Mulberry Gap last night, killing 3, wounding 1, capturing 1 prisoner, some horses, and arms. We now hold Mulberry Gap, with small force. There are two rebel regiments at Sneedville. I expect to move to Cumberland Gap to-morrow.

O. B. WILLCOX,

Brigadier-General.

Major-General GRANT.

 

 

BEAN'S STATION, Tennessee, November 20, 1863. (Received 6.40 p.m.)

Maj. General H. W. HALLECK,

General-in-Chief:

I was instructed by General Burnside that the security of the retreat of my forces to Cumberland Gap was the first object, in case my communication by telegraph was cut off from him. On the evening of the 17th telegraphic communication was stopped. I was then at Bull's Gap. The time of leaving there was left to my judgment. I made a demonstration of Rogersville,and sent scouting parties on Greeneville, Snap's Ferry, and Bobb's Mill roads, securing the ford below Rogersville with my cavalry,and moved my infantry to Russellville, and at the same time ordered scouts and telegraph-line repairers from Morristown toward Knoxville. I waited at Russellville until noon of the 18th. Reports were current that a heavy force of rebel cavalry crossed at Strawberry Plains. I then determined to concentrate my forces near this point. I ordered my troops to abandon Morristown, but the telegraph-wires left connected at Morristown from Knoxville. Though still cut off, on arriving here I found the line had been cut 6 miles from Knoxville and was repaired. Sent a force, under Colonel Davis, to Morristown with an operator, and established telegraphic communication with Cumberland Gap and Knoxville. General Burnside instructed me that while it was important to guard the Rogersville road, it was more important to secure Cumberland Gap, and this has determined my present move to Tazewell. I hope it will meet with your approval.

O. B. WILLCOX,

Brigadier-General.

(Same to Grant.)

 

TAZEWELL, Tennessee, November 20, 1863-9 p.m.

(Received 12.40 p.m., 21st.)

Maj. General H. W. HALLECK,

General-in-Chief:

My cavalry penetrated the enemy's line of pickets around Knoxville this morning. From prisoners and other sources, they learn that the enemy made an assault upon General Burnside's position yesterday and carried two intrenchments. The enemy lost heavily in the assault, our men reserving their until close upon them. Our men fought well and are still determined. Wheeler's whole corps and one division of Longstreet's is reported this side of town. My cavalry have been unable to effect communication with General Burnside. Firing has been heard at Knoxville to-day, but not as heavy as yesterday. The enemy have blockaded the roads approaching from the north.

O. B. WILLCOX,

Brigadier-General.

 

BEAN'S STATION, Tennessee, November 20, 1863-9 a.m. (Received 5.10 p.m.)

Maj. General H. W. HALLECK,

General-in-Chief:

My advance commenced moving on Tazewell at 12 o'clock last night. If nothing happens, Colonel Foster will arrive there about noon. My movement to this place from Bull's Gap was covered by a demonstration on Rogersville, which seems to have checked the advance of the enemy on that road. I have heard of but two regiments of the enemy moving down on the Rogersville road. Do not know where the main body of Jones' cavalry is. A force reported at Bull's Gap yesterday; I do not know how strong. Scouts from Cumberland Gap on Jonesville road have not reported any movement in that direction yet. I think the main body of Jones' cavalry, which defeated Garrard at Rogersville on the 6th instant, is moving in a body, but cannot tell where. At Knoxville some shelling reported yesterday afternoon by the telegraph operator at 2 o'clock. I have no particular. Morristown telegraph station was abandoned by Colonel Davis last night at dark. Have sent Colonel Graham to Blain's Cross-Roads, hoping to open communication with Knoxville by cavalry, but a division of rebels is reported on the north side of Knoxville. Cannonading was thought to be heard here at daylight in the direction of Knoxville. Clinch Mountain Gap is very bad. The Clinch River ford is bad, but I hope my rear guard will get over Clinch River this evening.

O. B. WILLCOX,

Brigadier-General.

(Same to Grant.)

 

TAZEWELL, Tennessee, November 21, 1863-11.30 a.m. (Received 5.10 p.m.)

Maj. General H. W. HALLECK,

General-in-Chief:

Colonel Graham, finding it impossible to communicate with General Burnside, has just returned. He reports that General Williams has been ordered to Knoxville, and says this is reliable. A rebel scouting party that came up as far as Maynardville, told the citizens that as soon as Knoxville was secured Wheeler was going to Kentucky, and that they meant to capture this command. I shall leave in a few minutes for Cumberland Gap. My infantry is nearly there.

O. B. WILLCOX,

Brigadier-General.

(Same to Grant.)

CUMBERLAND GAP, November 21, 1863-6.30 p.m.

Captain W. P. ANDERSON,

Assistant Adjutant-General:

General Willcox's command has reached the gap; his rear guard at Tazewell. All quiet here. Hundreds of citizens fleeing from East Tennessee. They report the invading force to number 40,000 to 50,000, under Longstreet; not reliable.

What news have you in Cincinnati? I fear we shall suffer for subsistence. To-night will exhaust the bread and flour. Small rations for eight days. Forage scarce. Confederate General Wheeler's corps of mounted men is said to be intended for Kentucky. If so, I think they will pass up via Big Creek Gap and Williamsburg.

W. C. LEMERT,

Colonel, &c.

 

CHATTANOOGA, Tennessee, November 21, 1863-2 p.m. (Received 10.55 p.m.)

Maj. General H. W. HALLECK,

General-in-Chief:

Dispatches just received from General Willcox. He was at Tazewell this morning, but retreating toward Cumberland Gap. His cavalry attempted to communicate with Burnside, but could not effect it. A severe fight took place on 19th, enemy carrying two intrechments with heavy loss. Our attack on enemy's right has not yet commenced. Troops have been moving night and day ever since Sherman appeared at Bridgeport, but narrow and bad roads have made an earlier attack impossible. Sherman's advance division moved up to Trenton several days since, and advanced their position south each day, keeping up their old camp-fires at night and building new ones where they were, to give the appearance of concentrating a large force in that direction. A portion of this division ascended the south end of Lookout Mountain. Owing to heavy rain last night it will be impossible to attack Bragg before Monday.

U. S. GRANT,

Major-General, Commanding.

 

WASHINGTON, November 21, 1863-4 p.m.

Brig. General O. B. WILLCOX,

Tazewell, Tennessee:

As you are acting under special instructions of General Burnside, based upon a condition of affairs of which I am not well advised, it would not be proper for me to interfere with their execution. Give General Burnside all the assistance in your power, and if they can be subsisted, draw down to Cumberland Gap re-enforcements from Kentucky. Communicate directly with General Grant and department headquarters, at Cincinnati.

H. W. HALLECK,

General-in-Chief.

 

 

Chapter XLIII. CORRESPONDENCE,ETC.-CONFEDERATE

DUBLIN, November 22, 1863.

Maj. Gen. S. JONES,

Care of Adjutant and Inspector General, Richmond:

The following just received from Major-General R. Ransom:

The enemy is reported retreating from Morristown toward Tazewell. The cavalry has been put in motion to operate as directed.

R. RANSOM,

Major-General.

 

Official Records : Page 311 | Chapter XLIII.
CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.-UNION


CUMBERLAND GAP, November 26, 1863-10.30 a.m.

Major-General GRANT:

Another of my couriers from General Burnside has just got in Tazewell from a house in the mountains where he lay concealed last night. He learned from the family that the rebels when they had crossed the mountain went toward Rogersville. This indicates rather a want of confidence in Longstreet's success or a fear of movement on salt-works. His dispatches from General Burnside are on the way to me.

O. B. WILLCOX,

Brigadier-General.

 

CUMBERLAND GAP, November 27, 1863-11.30 a.m. (Received 7.20 p.m.)

Maj. General H. W. HALLECK,

General-in-Chief:

In accordance with General Burnside's suggestion, I have ordered cavalry down to harass enemy's left and rear, and sent a brigade of infantry to Tazewell. The rivers are fordable again. No further news from Knoxville. No trains have arrived here with subsistence. Troops and animals cannot be subsisted here from the rear in winter. News of Jones' movements are conflicting.

O. B. WILLCOX,

Brigadier-General.

(Same to Grant.)

 

CHARLESTON, ON THE HIWASSEE, December 1, 1863-7 a.m.

Major-General GRANT:

General Wilson and Mr. Dana arrived last night and brought me yours of November 29. I have already crossed the Hiwassee, and am marching for Loudon and Knoxville. I have sent a messenger down to mouth of Hiwassee to communicate with Granger, but I think I can beat him in moving fast. I will have, if possible, Burnside hear my guns on the 3rd or 4th at furthest.

Recollect that East Tennessee is my horror. That any military man should send a force into East Tennessee puzzles me. Burnside is there and must be relieved, but when relieved I want to get out, and he should come out too.

I think, of course, its railroad should be absolutely destroyed, its provisions eaten up or carried away, and all troops brought out. Cumberland Gap should be held simply as an outpost of Kentucky, but Burnside must be relieved first and these other things after.

Yours,

SHERMAN.

 

CUMBERLAND GAP, December 1, 1863.

Major-General GRANT:

General Willcox has just received from Colonel Graham, commanding his advance cavalry force near Maynardville, a dispatch stating that it is reported in that neighborhood that Burnside had a successful fight with the enemy on the morning of the 29th, in which he inflicted severe loss upon them. It is also reported that Buckner had joined Longstreet. I give the reports for what they are worth.

A brigade of General Willcox's cavalry moved within 8 miles of Knoxville yesterday, but met the enemy in too strong a force to risk an engagement. All the available infantry have moved from this point. I shall be in Tazewell to-night.

J. G. FOSTER,

Major-General.

 

TAZEWELL, Tennessee, December 1, 1863-6 p.m. (Received 8.55 a.m., 2nd.)

Maj. General H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief:

The report of scouts sent out from the advance cavalry posts indicate that General Longstreet has commenced to retreat from his position around Knoxville. A large force of cavalry is now advancing on Maynardville, which I think is the flanking column of main body of Longstreet or Jones - the main body probably moving off on the Rutledge road. If this proves to be correct, I shall harass his flanks and rear as much as possible.

J. G. FOSTER,
Major-General.

(Same to Grant.)

TAZEWELL, Tennessee, December 1, 1863-8.30 p.m. (Received 9 a.m., 2nd.)

Maj. General H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief:

Your dispatch is received. Three messages have been sent through to General Burnside, communicating full information of the troops marching to his relief and enjoining him to hold out to the last extremity. Reports from the outposts this evening concur, establishing the probability that Longstreet is retreating from Knoxville toward Virginia. We will take up a position to-morrow from which his flank can be harassed, or in which we can defend ourselves to advantage in case we should be attacked.

J. G. FOSTER,
Major-General.

CHATTANOOGA, December 1, 1863-7 a.m.

Major-General FOSTER:

Your dispatches of yesterday received.

Move as indicated in your first dispatch, or as may be modified by your own judgment.

U. S. GRANT,
Major-General.

CHATTANOOGA, December 1, 1863-9 p.m.

Maj. General J. G. FOSTER,

Tazewell, Tennessee:

Troops from here were crossing the Hiwassee yesterday. They may be looked for confidently on the 5th, and I think the 4th at Knoxville. Be prepared to give the best support you can.

U. S. GRANT,
Major-General.

TAZEWELL, December 2, 1863-7.30 a. m.

(Received 1.40 p. m.)

General GRANT:

A courier came in from the front last night with the report that heavy firing was heard at Knoxville from 3 o'clock p. m. yesterday to the time he left. Can this be Granger attacking Longstreet's rear?

I am posting my small force on the Clinch River in good positions for defense or offense.

J. G. FOSTER,

Major-General.

 

CHATTANOOGA, December 2, 1863-8 p. m.

Major-General FOSTER, Tazewell, Tennessee:

Sherman will reach Knoxwille to-morrow or the day following. His force is large, and Longstreet must retreat before it without much fighting. I do not see how his route can be any other than up the valley. You will no doubt be able to inflict a heavy blow upon his retreating column.

U. S. GRANT,

Major-General.

 


TAZEWELL,
Tennessee, December 2, 1863-12 noon.

(Received 5.05 p. m.)

Major General H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief:

A party of 8,1 of whom is an officer, have arrived; left Knoxville on Monday night. They report that General Burnside was strongly intrenched, sufficiently supplied, and confident of holding out any reasonable length of time. Midnight on Saturday Longstreet made a desperate assault on Fort Sanders with a picked command. The engagement lasted all night until 7 o'clock next morning. The rebels were completely repulsed with a loss of 1,000 men, of whom 250 were killed. General Burnside lost 45 killed and wounded. Some of the prisoners reported that Buckner's forces had joined Longstreet, whole entire force is estimated at 38,000 men. One of the party brought dispatches to you, which I have not yet seen, giving full report of operations up to time of writing. The general impression I received from the officer who gives this information is that General Burnside and his men are in excellent spirits, and confident of their ability to defeat the efforts of the enemy.

J. G. FOSTER,
Major-General.

(Same to General Grant.)

 

TAZEWELL, Tennessee, December 2, 1863-9 p. m.

(Received 5.30 p. m., 3rd.)

Major General H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief:

Heavy skirmishing has been continued all day between our advance cavalry and the enemy in the direction of Maynardville, which has resulted in Colonel Graham, commanding the cavalry, being driven back to the infantry supports on Clinch River, where all attempts to force a passage were repulsed. Ransom's division of three brigades of infantry, en route to Knoxville, is reported near Bean's Station.

J. G. FOSTER,
Major-General.

(Same to General Grant.)

TAZEWELL, Tennessee, December 2, 1863-12.10 p. m.

(Received 5. p. m., 3rd.)

Major General H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief:

Your dispatch received. My force is so small-being only 5,000 men of the six-months' troops-that I shall not be able to do a great deal. Still you may rely upon our doing something at the right

 

 

TAZEWELL Tennessee, December 3, 1863-3 p. m.

(Received 8.35 p. m.)

Major General H. W. HALLECK,

General-in-Chief:

Wheeler's cavalry were repulsed at the Clinch River, and have retired toward Knoxville. A Union citizen from over the mountains reports that a large force of infantry and cavalry, probably Ransom's forces, passed Bean's Station this morning going to Knoxville.

J. G. FOSTER,

Major-General.

(Same to General Grant.)


TAZEWELL,
Tennessee, December 3, 1863-3 p. m.

(Received 7.30 p. m.)

Major General H. W. HALLECK,

General-in-Chief:

Your dispatch is received.* I am at present completely held in check by Wheeler's and Jones' cavalry, which is stronger than my force, with which we were engaged all day yesterday, and by ransom's division on the road near Bean's Station. I shall send a courier through to Clinton to tell General Granger that I have no doubt that Longstreet will retreat by the road leading through Rutledge or Rogersville; that if General Granger will advance to Blain's Cross-Roads, he will strike Longstreet's flank, or failing in that, we can catch Wheeler's cavalry between us.

J. G. FOSTER,

Major-General.

(Same to General Grant.)

 

TAZEWELL, Tennessee, December 3, 1863-11.20 a. m. (Received 4.25 p. m.)

A battalion of the Sixteenth Illinois Cavalry, sent out from Cumberland Gap, attacked Slemp's regiment of rebel cavalry near Jonesville, Va., on Tuesday, December 1. The rebels were driven beyond Jonesville in great confusion, losing 20 killed and 30 prisoners, and a quantity of horses and arms. The rebel cavalry force that drove in Graham's brigade yesterday consisted, according to the statement of prisoners, of Wheeler's and Jones' cavalry united. A lieutenant-colonel and 125 men and officers have just arrived from Knoxville. They left on Tuesday at 10 a. m. They report everything favorable. Nothing new.

J. G. FOSTER,

Major-General.

 

TAZEWELL, Tennessee, December 3, 1863.

Major General GORDON GRANGER:

Major-General Grant telegraphs that General Sherman will reach Knoxville to-morrow or the day after. This will compel the immediate retreat of Longstreet up the Holston Valley toward Virginia, via Rutledge and Bean's Station. I am held in check here by the whole cavalry force of Wheeler and Jones, a force more than equal to the whole command here. The best point for your to strike the retreating column with your cavalry is at Blain's Cross-Roads. So long as the cavalry force is in my front I can do nothing; if it withdraws, my cavalry will hang close upon the enemy and do all the damage it can. If you should fail to strike the column at Blain's Cross-Roads, if you move with rapidity, we may be able to get Wheeler's cavalry between us. He is this morning in front of Walker's Ford, on Clinch River, 11 miles from here.

Very respectfully yours, &c.

J. G. FOSTER,

Major-General of Volunteers.

* Of December 1.

TAZEWELL, Tennessee  DECEMBER 4, 1863

 Major-General FOSTER, Tazewell.

GENERAL: It seems to me that Longstreet will soon be put in a fix, for he cannot afford to cross the river and fight Sherman, nor to leave the river all open to Sherman and fight Granger; hence, unless his force is greater than we suppose, he must retreat.....Since my Indiana boys have done so well, I think we could whip Ransom if we could concentrate upon him; but I think the present disposition of our forces is all that can be desired in the present attitude of affairs....Yours, respectfully,

O. B. WILLCOX, Brigadier-General.


TAZEWELL,
Tennessee, December 4, 1863-10.15 a. m.

(Received 3.30 p. m.)

Major General H. W. HALLECK,

General-in-Chief:

The enemy's cavalry retired yesterday toward Knoxville, closely followed by our cavalry. Our scouts went 7 miles beyond Maynardville. Heavy firing was heard all day yesterday at Knoxville. I have ordered a detachment of cavalry to blockade the valley road from Spring House to Bean's Station.

J. G. FOSTER,

Major-General.

(Same to General Grant.)


TAZEWELL
, December 4, 1863.

MY DEAR BURNSIDE: I arrived here three days since with the force of General Willcox, with the object of being as near you as possible, so as to harass Longstreet's flanks when he commences to retreat, as he must, for Sherman's force above is more than a match for him. General Grant telegraphs me that Sherman will be at Knoxville to-day or to-morrow. Three divisions of Wheeler's cavalry and Jones' division came out and drove Graham's brigade back from Maynardville to Walker's Ford on the Clinch River. There the infantry and artillery supports drove them back with loss. Yesterday it all retired to Knoxville closely followed by Colonel Graham, who is now near Maynardville. I have ordered the road from Spring House to Bean's Station to be blockaded. All the cavalry of the division is also to be on the road near Maynardville to act according to circumstances. I have sent couriers to General Granger, informing him of my position, and the favorable point for striking the flank of the retreating enemy. Ransom with his division passed down past Bean's Station yesterday morning just after daybreak, en route for Knoxville. The scouts report heavy firing at Knoxville yesterday. I hope you have given Longstreet a sound thrashing, similar to the one of Sunday morning; that was a very handsome affair. Couriers frequently arrive from Knoxville. Yesterday a party of 125 officers and men arrived. They report everything favorable and that you are confident of holding out against every attack Longstreet can make. If there is anything I can do for you more than I have done, please let me know. A thousand congratulations on your brilliant defense which has so long monopolized the attention of the country. Give my love to Parke.

Ever yours, most truly,

J. G. FOSTER,

 

Maj. General JOHN G. FOSTER.


HEADQUARTERS SECOND BRIGADE, December 5, 1863.

COLONEL: The scouting party that went to Powder Spring Gap report a large amount of camp fires on the road leading from Blain's Cross-Roads to Rutledge. The soldier that I started with dispatch to Knoxville did not get through, but returned this morning, and reported a column of rebels passing on the road leading from Knoxville to Blain's Cross-Roads; that the column continued all night; that they remarked, on the road, that they were going to Virginia. They expected the Yankees had them surrounded, and that they expected to fight their way out. From all information, it appears that they are moving in the direction of Virginia. Whether their object is to move in our rear or not, I cannot tell, as their movements are mysterious, and hard to understand. My headquarters will be, this morning, 8 miles from the river.

Respectfully, yours, &c.,
F. W. GRAHAM,

Colonel, Commanding.

Colonel JNumbers W. FOSTER,

Commanding Division.

P. S.-My patrol just returned reports, as far as can be relied on, no rebels in the direction of Clinch, except small scouting parties; that they expected to leave here, and would take everything of any value.

SIR: I have the honor to report that, in accordance with orders, I marched from camp, near the bridge over Powell River, on main Cumberland Gap road, on 27th November, 1863.

My brigade consisted of the Fourteenth Illinois Cavalry, Colonel Capron commanding; Fifth Indiana Cavalry, Lieutenant-Colonel Butler commanding; Sixty-fifth Indiana Mounted Infantry, Captain Hodge commanding, and Colvin's (Illinois) battery, Captain Colvin commanding. Beside the four guns of Colvin's battery, there were four mountain howitzers, attached to Fourteenth Illinois Cavalry, and two 8-inch rifled guns, attached to Fifth Indiana Cavalry. My entire force numbered 10 field and staff officers, 47 company officers, and 1,031 non-commissioned officers and enlisted men, making an aggregate of 1,088.

I moved, via Tazewell, taking the Straight Creek road at that point to within 4 miles of Walker's Ford, where I encamped for the night.

On the morning of the 28th, I crossed Clinch River and bivouacked at Brock's, 4 miles from Walker's Ford, where my command fed. Toward night, moved down the right-hand road, recrossing Clinch River at Neadham's Ford, and camped for the night near Neadham's Mill. On the morning of the 29th, I moved down Clinch River to Owsley's Ford, where I crossed and took the direct road to Maynardville, where I camped for the night.

On the morning of the 30th, I marched with all of my available force on the main road leading from Maynardville to Knoxville, having previous to starting sent a detachment of Fifth Indiana Cavalry in advance with orders to go to the enemy's pickets and report back as soon as they were found. I had proceeded 15 miles, when a courier reported a small rebel patrolling party on the road, about 4 miles in advance of my main force, and which my advance had driven in. I halted my command at this point, and remained there some time, awaiting further information. On learning there was a force of rebels at or near Blain's Cross-Roads, I moved back to Maynardville and camped for the night, throwing out strong picket force and small patrol parties on all the roads on the front and left.

On morning of December 1,my pickets were attacked at the gap, 4 miles below Maynardville, on Knoxville road. They were speedily re-enforced by detachments from each regiment and two of the Fourteenth's howitzers. More or less firing took place during the day, both parties holding their ground. Scouting parties were also sent out in considerable force during the day. The one on the road leading to Blain's Cross-Roads was driven back, and during the afternoon I had such information as led me to believe that a considerable cavalry force of the enemy was approaching, and by 9 p.m. I became convinced that an attempt would be made to surround and capture my command.

I decided at once to move, but several of my scouting parties being several miles out I could not get my force concentrated till near midnight, when, all being in, I moved quietly on the road to Walker's Ford, leaving Company M, Fifth Indiana Cavalry, at the point where the road from Blain's Cross-Roads comes in, with instructions for a part of it to patrol the road back to Maynardville; proceeding on to Brock's, I halted that the men and horses might be fed. This was about 5 a.m., December 2.

Forage parties were sent out, and rations were being issued as daylight appeared, and my pickets in rear of camp were vigorously attacked. Although my command was tired, men sleepy and hungry, and the natural condition of my camp, after a night's march, somewhat irregular, yet all were under arms and in shape to repel the attack in the very shortest possible time.

I immediately sent the Fourteenth Illinois Cavalry to the river and down the road leading from Walker's Ford to Rutledge, feeling confident that I could, with the remainder of my force, keep the enemy in check and make good my retreat to and across the river. Two guns of Colvin's battery were sent to Walker's Ford, with orders to cross and take position on the bank of the river so as to command all the approaches to the fords. By half past seven o'clock my pickets had fallen back to Brock's house, the enemy advancing in such numbers as to compel them to give way at this time. My main force was in position, the Sixty-fifth Indiana on the left of the line, a portion of the Second and Third Battalions, Fifth Indiana Cavalry in center, and one company of the Sixty-fifth Indiana, and one from the Fifth Indiana Cavalry on right. The guns of the Fifth Indiana Cavalry were put in position in rear of center, on a rise of ground, from which they did good service in keeping the enemy in check. Three companies of Fifth Indiana Cavalry, under command of Major Woolley, and one section of Colvin's battery, under Captain Colvin, were placed in reserve.

The firing had now become somewhat brisk, and the enemy not only showed his force, but made attempts to flank my position. I could only prevent him from doing so by gradually falling back, which I did, to the point near Yeadon's house, where I brought my command into close order, and under cover of a fence and a log house or barn. The enemy here made a charge in column, which was splendidly met by a portion of each regiment, and which proved decidedly disastrous to the enemy.

My artillery had now been retired, the information of the ground on which it had to pass being unsuited to its use. The enemy being exhausted [exasperated] at their repulse pushed on furiously, but the gallant officers and men of my command were not to be driven back so easily; on the contrary, they manfully contested every foot of ground, falling back slowly to a point about 1 mile from the river, where they were re-enforced by the One hundred and sixteenth and One hundred and eighteenth Indiana Infantry, Colonel Jackson commanding brigade.

These regiments being in position and my men being out of ammunition, I retired my force across the river, thus ending the fight, so far as the Fifth Indiana Cavalry and Sixty-fifth Indiana Mounted Infantry were concerned. Colvin's battery was engaged for some time after in shelling the enemy, and the Fourteenth Illinois Cavalry was also engaged for a short time after on the road leading to Rutledge. I respectfully refer you to the report of Colonel Capron, herewith attached, for an account of the part the Fourteenth Illinois Cavalry took in repelling the attack and advance of the enemy.

I now come to speak of the enemy, his designs and expectations. After hearing reports of prisoners and the citizens along the line of the enemy's march, I am confident that there were five brigades of cavalry and mounted infantry brought against my little force, the whole under command of Major-General Martin. The design was to keep my force engaged at the gap, 4 miles below Maynardville, until a portion of their forces could be moved from Blain's Cross-Roads into the road between me and Walker's Ferry, and at the same time a sufficient force had been sent around my front (Owsley's Ford) to blockade the road to that point. At daylight, on morning of 2nd instant, my entire command was to have been surrounded. The enemy moved on to a consummation of the object he so devoutly wished for, only to find he had surrounded a camp barren of everything save the fires which my [men] had left in good order.

In surrounding my camp he did, however, capture a portion of M Company, Fifth Indiana Cavalry, which had been left to patrol the road back to Maynardville, and were not able to cut their way out. Finding themselves foiled in their first attempts, they next tried to cut my command off at Walker's Ford, and that, too, proved a failure, and at the same time cost them a considerable loss in killed, wounded, and prisoners.

From all the information I can get, and having made every effort to get at their loss, I am satisfied they lost 25 killed, about 50 wounded, and 28 prisoners.

Major-General Martin was wounded in the wrist. Colonel Dibrell, commanding brigade, was seriously, if not mortally, wounded. His adjutant-general was killed. Captain ----, who led in the charge, was also killed. Of the officers and men of my command I cannot speak too highly; fighting as they did, at the least calculation, five times their number, and standing unflinchingly as they did for eight hours before such a superior force, and only retiring from the field for want of ammunition, certainly indicates the highest order of bravery. It is hard to make special mention of any single one when all did so well. I must, however, speak of those who came under my special notice. Lieutenant John O'Neil, Company I, Fifth Indiana Cavalry, my acting assistant adjutant-general, rendered me great assistance in conducting the engagement, was constantly under fire, and was finally wounded and taken from the field. Lieutenant R. P. Finney, Company H, Fifth Indiana Cavalry, my aide-de-camp, proved himself a brave and efficient officer. Captain Hodge, commanding Sixty-fifth Indiana Mounted Infantry, displayed the highest order of bravery, as well as decided good judgment in commanding his force, and I take pleasure in recommending [him] for speedy promotion to the position of a field officer. Lieutenant-Colonel Butler, Fifth Indiana Cavalry, was, as on all previous occasions, cool and determined, and at all times kept control of his men. Adjutant Roberts, Fifth Indiana Cavalry,had his horse shot under him.

I am glad to state that the officers and men of the Fourteenth Illinois Cavalry all acted nobly their part. On their efforts depended much of the success of the day.

In conclusion, I have to append a list of casualties, which, under all the circumstances, I am happy to record as small, considering the largely superior force opposed to mine and the closeness of the two during certain portions of the engagement:

Sixty-fifth Indiana Mounted Infantry, 2 men killed and 6 wounded; Fifth Indiana Cavalry, 2 officers wounded and 5 men killed, 10 men wounded and 10 men missing; Fourteenth Illinois Cavalry, 7 men wounded. Total, 2 officers wounded and 7 men killed, 23 men wounded and 21 men missing.

Very respectfully,

F. W. GRAHAM,

Colonel, Commanding Brigade.

 


Official Records: Page 344 KY., SW., VA., Tennessee, MISS., N.ALA, AND N. GA. Chapter XLIII.

 

TAZEWELL, Tennessee, December 6, 1863-9.20 a.m.

(Received 8 p.m.)

Major Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief:

After the repulse of the enemy's cavalry at the Clinch River on the 2nd, their whole force continued to hover around, endeavoring to turn our flanks and to force some of the fords. In all these efforts they were foiled and driven back in several small encounters. In addition we succeeded in blockading a portion of the valley road near Ruttledge in the front of Ransom's column.

Yesterday the whole cavalry force withdrew in the direction of Knoxville. Graham's brigade followed a short distance.

To-day I unite Garrad's brigade with it and send the whole forward under Colonel Foster to hover on the enemy's rear.

It is reported that the roads in front are blockaded, and that the enemy have burned the railroad bridges at Strawberry Plains and Mossy Creek. If this be so, it indicates that Longstreet is, or soon will be, retreating. Scouts report cannonading yesterday in the direction of Clinton.

J. G. FOSTER,
Major-General.

 

TAZEWELL, Tennessee, December 6, 1863-noon.

(Received 8.15 p.m.)

Maj. General H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief:

The cavalry scouts just returned from the vicinity of Blain's Cross-Roads report a rebel column passing all last night from Knoxville to Blain's Cross-Roads. They heard the men say that they were going to Virginia; that the Yankees had them surrounded., but that they were going to fight their way out. My scouts on the top of Clinch Mountain say large camp-fires were seen last night on the road from Blain's Cross-Roads to Rutledge. I have no doubt that Longstreet is retreating. My division of cavalry is moving on his rear through Maynardville and Blain's Cross-Roads.

J. G. FOSTER,
Major-General.

(Same to General Grant.)

 

TAZEWELL, Tennessee, December 6, 1863-6 p..m.

(Received 2.15 a.m., 7th.)

Major-General HALLECK,
General-in-Chief:

There seems no doubt that Longstreet is in full retreat. A deserter who came in to-day reports that he came out with the column from Knoxville on the 4th. The infantry and transportation moving up the valley on the other side of the Holston, and the cavalry from this side to cover from my attack. The talk among the soldiers was that they were going to Virginia or North Carolina. Foster's cavalry division was 4 miles this side of Maynardville at 2 p.m., when the courier left, preparing to attack the enemy's cavalry.

J. G. FOSTER
Major-General.

(Same to General Grant.)

 

CHATTANOOGA, December 6, 1863-4.15 p.m.

Major General J. G. FOSTER,

Tazewell, Tennessee,:

Instruct your cavalry to follow Longstreet to the last minute. It is not necessary that they should attack the main force, but follow up the rear, hasten the retreat, pick up stragglers, and destroy the road as far east as possible. If your troops can get as far as Saltville and destroy the works there, it will be an immense loss to the enemy.

U. S. GRANT,

Major-General.

 

No. 45.

Report of Colonel John W. Foster, Sixty-fifth Indiana Infantry, commanding Second Cavalry Division.

DECEMBER 6, 1863.

One brigade of my division is at Mr. Fetridge's, 4 miles southeast of Maynardville; the other is 2 miles from it, between Log Mountain and Copper Ridge, on Bull Run Creek. Jones' cavalry division is just beyond Copper Ridge within sight of my pickets. Heavy skirmishing with him to-day, capturing a number of prisoners, including 1 captain and 70 fine horses.

Wheeler's cavalry corps is protecting Longstreet's rear. A part of his force is protecting Blain's Cross-Roads. His retreat is quite leisurely. My force is not large, and in bad condition. I will push the enemy as much as I can. Have the cavalry below communicate with me. Generals Foster and Willcox are at Tazewell.

God bless you.

JOHN W. FOSTER,

Colonel, Commanding Cavalry Division.

Brigadier-General SHACKELFORD.

 

 

HEADQUARTERS OF THE ARMY,
Washington, December 7, 1863.

Major General J. G. FOSTER,

Commanding Department of the Ohio, Tazewell, Tennessee:

GENERAL: The Secretary of War has just shown me your telegram to him in regard to quartermasters and commissaries. I have not seen your order, but am informed that it includes the quartermasters and commissaries assigned by the heads of their corps to the great depots at Louisville and Cincinnati, established for the supply of several armies and departments. Any sudden change of this kind would seriously interfere with the supplies not only for your department, but also for those of General Thomas, Sherman, and Schofield.

It was for this reason, as I understand it, that the Acting Quartermaster-General protested against your order, and asked that it be countermanded.

Staff officers belonging exclusively to your army corps are directly under your command and subject to your orders, but those who are assigned to duty at general depots must be left under the orders of the heads of their own staff corps or departments. Any recommendations you may make in regard to officers assigned to duty at depots of general supply will receive due attention.

Very respectfully, your obedient servant,

H. W. HALLECK,

General-in-Chief.

 

 

OFFICIAL RECORDS: Series 1, vol 31, Part 3
(Knoxville and Lookout Mountain)

TAZEWELL, Tennessee, December 7, 1863-7 a.m.

(Received 3.50 p.m.)

Major General H. W. HALLECK,

General-in-Chief:

Longstreet is in full retreat up the valley. Your orders about following with cavalry shall be carried out. My division of cavalry attacked the enemy's cavalry in one of the passes of the Clinch Mountain yesterday afternoon and are now pushing them vigorously. I have not yet heard of the approach of our cavalry from Knoxville. I have sent General Willcox with his infantry and artillery toward the mountains to attack the enemy's flank at Bean's Station. Couriers from Knoxville arrived last night. The road is clear. Sherman arrived there yesterday.

J. G. FOSTER,

Major-General.

(Same to General Grant.)

TAZEWELL, December 7, 1863-9 p.m.

Major-General GRANT:

I have returned from the Clinch River where I expected to join a brigade of infantry and drive the enemy from the summit of Clinch Mountain, so as to play on the flanks of the retreating enemy with artillery; but the troops were so weakened by the one-quarter rations that they have had for some months that they did not get to the position in time. The cavalry have skirmished with the enemy all day. Upon my return here I find a dispatch from General Burnside desiring me to join him with my whole force. This I shall do, as my force is too small to do much by itself. General Burnside thinks Longstreet is not defeated, but is merely falling back to avoid Sherman.

J. G. FOSTER,

Major-General.

(Same to General Halleck.)

 

A courier from Colonel Foster arrived last evening and stated you were at Tazewell. Longstreet, knowing of Sherman's arrival, will naturally think our pursuing column a heavy one. First, General Burnside wishes communication opened; second, General Sherman will arrive in Knoxville December 6, the advance guard has already arrived; third, the army of Longstreet is not defeated, but simply falling back from Knoxville to avoid Sherman.

KNOXVILLE, December 7, 1863.
Major-General FOSTER,

Tazewell (or this side):

I have been in considerable doubt as to your position and movements. A courier from Colonel Foster arrived last evening and stated you were at Tazewell. Fearing you might get involved with the main force of the enemy, I started this morning a column of 8,000 or 9,000 infantry, who will move to within supporting distance of Shackelford to-day.

Sherman's forces with the exception of Granger's corps, have started back to rejoin Grant. Granger's troops were unable to move, and the garrison here was not in a fit condition to do so, but I deemed it advisable to make a demonstration with infantry to assist you, if necessary, and to cover Sherman's backward movement. Longstreet, knowing of Sherman's arrival, will naturally think our pursuing column a heavy one. I would like you to come here as soon as may be. I shall leave here to-morrow morning. If you reach here after I leave, you had better take the cars and come up to Strawberry Plains.

Elliott, who moved from Sparta with a division of cavalry on the 29th, has not yet arrived.

A. E. BURNSIDE,

Major-General.


HEADQUARTERS PICKET STATION,
Needham's, December 7, 1863.

Major-General FOSTER:

Tazewell:

GENERAL: I have the honor to report that a courier has this moment arrived from Knoxville with an unwritten communication from General Burnside. The courier being too much exhausted to proceed, I take down the instructions and forward.

First, General Burnside wishes communication opened; second, General Sheram will arrive in Knoxville December 6, the advance guard has already arrived; third, the army of Longstreet is not defeated, but simply falling back from Knoxville to avoid Sherman. In addition to above, I add that in obedience to orders from Colonel J. W. Foster I yesterday sent a small party in the direction of Clinton to communicate with General Granger if possible.

Very respectfully, your obedient servant,

DUDLEY SEWARD,
Major Second Ohio Cavalry, Comdg. Picket Station.

 

Official Record: KY.,SW.VA.,Tennessee,MISS.,N.ALA., AND N.GA. Chapter XLIII

TAZEWELL, December 7, 1863

Major-General BURNSIDE:

Since my arrival here on the 2nd I have kept the small force under my command skirmishing with the enemy continually. Their force being much larger than mine, we have not been able to make much progress. The infantry and artillery started this morning for Bean's Station for the purpose of attacking the retreating columns of Longstreet. Soon as I have accomplished this I will join you at Knoxville. The cavalry under Colonel Foster have been at Blain's Cross-Roads pressing the enemy's cavalry for two days.

J. G. FOSTER,

Major-General.

 

Major-General GRANT.

KNOXVILLE, December 7, 1863.

I have just written the following letter to General Sherman,* who at daylight this morning reversed all his troops with the exception of Granger, and started them back to you. Elliott has not yet reported; when he does I shall put him upon the right flank of the enemy. Our troops are in motion in pursuit of Longstreet, and I shall join them to-day unless Foster arrives. He was at Tazewell last night. I have been able to organize a column of pursuit of about 8,000 men. Granger is crossing Little River now, and will probably be here to-night. The rear guard of the enemy is at Blain's Cross-Roads. I can scarcely express to you my obligations for the prompt assistance rendered by you to my command.

A. E. BURNSIDE,

Major-General, Commanding.

Major-General GRANT.

 

KNOXVILLE, December 9, 1863.

The pursuing column has continued to press on the enemy's rear. Daily skirmishing between our cavalry and their rear guard. Our cavalry advance is now between Rutledge and Bean's Station. The main body of the enemy's infantry is undoubtedly going up the main valley road toward Virginia. Indications are that the division of Buckner's corps that joined Longstreet, and part of Wheeler's cavalry, are endeavoring to rejoin Bragg by way of North Carolina, through the French Broad Gap. I have been ill for two days, confined to my room, and General Parke is at the front conducting the pursuit; he will take care not to involve himself in any disaster. General Foster was at Tazewell at last accounts, but my advices from him are meager; he will probably reach here within a day or two. Would it not be well for the forces in the east to make a serious and desperate attempt to break the Virginia railroad in Longstreet's rear?

A. E. BURNSIDE,

Major-General.

Major-General GRANT.

 

HEADQUARTERS OF THE ARMY,
Washington, December 7, 1863.

Major General J. G. FOSTER,

Commanding Department of the Ohio, Tazewell, Tennessee:

GENERAL: The Secretary of War has just shown me your telegram to him in regard to quartermasters and commissaries. I have not seen your order, but am informed that it includes the quartermasters and commissaries assigned by the heads of their corps to the great depots at Louisville and Cincinnati, established for the supply of several armies and departments. Any sudden change of this kind would seriously interfere with the supplies not only for your department, but also for those of General Thomas, Sherman, and Schofield. It was for this reason, as I understand it, that the Acting Quartermaster-General protested against your order, and asked that it be countermanded.

Staff officers belonging exclusively to your army corps are directly under your command and subject to your orders, but those who are assigned to duty at general depots must be left under the orders of the heads of their own staff corps or departments. Any recommendations you may make in regard to officers assigned to duty at depots of general supply will receive due attention.

Very respectfully, your obedient servant,

H. W. HALLECK,

General-in-Chief.

 

 

TAZEWELL, December 8, 1863.

Major-General BURNSIDE:

Knoxville.:

MY DEAR GENERAL: I received your request through Colonel Foster to move down and join you. I shall do so as soon as the provision wagons that have left the gap arrive so that we can escort them. I believe Longstreet to be in full retreat, the rear of his infantry about opposite here. The rear guard of his cavalry is between Blain's Cross-Roads and Rutledge.

Colonel Foster with the cavalry has moved to join your cavalry.

I hope to see you soon.

With best regards, yours, most truly,

J. G. FOSTER,

Major-General.

 

TAZEWELL, December 8, 1863.

Major-General BURNSIDE,

Knoxville:

I received your dispatches sent by courier this p.m. at 4 o'clock and have forwarded them by telegraph. The main body of Longstreet's infantry is now near Bean's Station. It will be necessary for the infantry force to remain here one day longer to prevent interruption into this part of the State from which we are now drawing forage and subsistence.

I will see you soon.

JNumbers G. FOSTER,

Major-General.

 

WASHINGTON, December 9, 1863-10.30 a.m.

Major-General FOSTER,

Tazewell, Tennessee:

Telegraph directly to General Grant in regard to your movements. Dispatches received here in regard to Sherman's movements are so conflicting that I am left in doubt whether he is advancing up the valley or returning to Chattanooga.

H. W. HALLECK,

General-in-Chief.

 

KNOXVILLE, December 9, 1863-3 p.m.

Major-General PARKE:

Move with great caution and do not get too far up. Dispatch from General Foster just received, stating that his infantry will not leave Tazewell till to-morrow morning. He reports main body of Longstreet's infantry at or near Bean's Station. Communicate with me frequently.

A. E. BURNSIDE.

Major-General.

 

HEADQUARTERS FOURTH ARMY CORPS,
Knoxville, December 9, 1863-3.30 p.m.

General G. H. THOMAS,

Chattanooga:

I think Burnside is retaining us here beyond all reason. The weather is fine and we could now return without much suffering but the moment it rains the roads will become impassable, and great suffering must ensue among our officers and men who are without shelter, badly clad, and not half fed. Four thousand men (two brigades, Mott's and Spear's) arrived here this morning, which makes Burnside's force strong enough for every emergency, and more than he can feed and clothe.  Parke, with the bulk of the Ninth and Twenty-third Army Corps and 4,000 cavalry, is near Rutledge, in pursuit of Longstreet, who was at Bean's Station yesterday.

I don't think our troops can possibly overtake him. Foster is still at Tazewell with his infantry; what he intends to do seems uncertain.

Our steam-boats are stuck fast, 22 miles below Kingston, and no possibility of reaching them from this with wagons.

G. GRANGER,

Major-General.


KNOXVILLE, Tennessee,

December 9, 1863-5.30 p.m.

Major-General PARKE,

On Road to Rutledge:

From dispatches received from General Foster I am satisfied he has misunderstood our dispatches and is on the eve of starting with General Willcox's command for this place. I have sent Fearing out to stop him, and to send the forces back to Tazewell with a view to moving to Bean's Station in order to co-operate with you. I started Spear's brigade for Strawberry Plains to be stationed there, and Mott's brigade will have to join General White's division to-morrow morning. It would be well to be very cautious in your advance. I hope to leave here to-morrow morning to join you.

A. E. BURNSIDE,

Major-General.

 

TAZEWELL, December 9, 1863-6.40 p.m.

GENERAL: General Longstreet and staff passed Bean's Station yesterday morning about 10 o'clock. Some of his infantry is with infantry passed on the Bean's Station and Rogersville road. They retired from Clinch Mountain late last evening and this morning, leaving two pieces of artillery and one regiment of cavalry; pickets of the enemy are still in the gap. I have no doubt this information is substantially correct.

Very respectfully,

O. B. VILLCOX,
Brigadier-General.

Maj. Gen. JOHN G. FOSTER,
Commanding Department of the Ohio.

 

HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY CORPS,
Bean's Station, December 9, 1863-5 p.m.

GENERAL: I occupied this place with my command at 12.30 o'clock instant. I am directed by General Parke, commanding forces in pursuit of the enemy, to remain here with my command and open communication with your across the mountain. The rebel infantry finished passing this point, going up the Rogersville road late last evening.

Citizens report that some infantry under Jones went out on the Morristown road. A large body of rebel cavalry, with artillery, went down the Morristown road this morning. I have had considerable skirmishing with the enemy's cavalry to-day. We have captured over 100 prisoners since we left Knoxville.

The greater part of Colonel Foster's division is greatly in want of ammunition, both small-arms and artillery. I sent a messenger to Tazewell this morning with dispatch for you, and also to try and obtain rations for my command. I directed him to give you full particulars of our condition.

I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,

J. M. SHACKELFORD,

Brigadier-General, Commanding.

Major-General FOSTER,

Tazewell.

N. B.-General Parke is at Rutledge, 9 1/2 miles from this place.

 

TAZEWELL, December 10, 1863.

Major General JOHN G. PARKE,

Bean's Station:

GENERAL: General Foster directs me to communicate with you, and if you advance beyond Bean's Station to join you with my infantry force; also to supply you with rations to the extent of my ability. I have sent forward 10,000 rations to General Shackelford to-day,and another train is expected to-morrow. It might be well to make a temporary depot at Bean's Station. If you have a telegraph operator we can communicate by telegraph. The line is perfect to Evan's Ford, and I have sent wire to-day to repair it to Bean's Station.

Very respectfully,yours,

O. B. WILLCOX,

Brigadier-General.

 

TAZEWELL, December 10, 1863.

Respectfully forwarded.

Colonel Foster ordered his train to Blain's Cross-Roads; it probably contains ammunition. A train of rations is expected here at 9 o'clock this morning, and will be sent to Bean's Station without delay.

O. B. WILLCOX,

Brigadier-General.

 

Major-General BURNSIDE.

RUTLEDGE, December 10, 1863-4.30 p.m.

GENERAL: Major Cutting reports from Bean's Station at 2 p.m. that a portion of the brigade sent toward Morristown took the Russellville branch, and met the enemy at the river; found them in too great force to dislodge, and remains facing the enemy at Moore's Ferry, about 10 miles from Bean's Station, guarding wagon trains. Two strong divisions of their infantry had left there the morning previous. One hundred of the enemy's cavalry have attacked a company of ours on river 6 miles from here. A number of small parties are reported on other side river. General Shackelford is in communication with Willcox, at Tazewell; the road had not been obstructed by the enemy. Willcox is about forwarding supplies and repairing the telegraph.

Respectfully,

JNO. G. PARKE,

Major-General.

 

 

TAZEWELL, December 11, 1863.

Your dispatch of the 8th (8 p.m.) received yesterday. I have telegraphed to all commanding officers, quartermasters, and commissaries, from here to Camp Nelson, to hurry forward provisions, shoes, and stockings. I have just received a dispatch from Major Conover, Mulberry Gap, who reports 300 rebels near the Black Water salt-works;and he also learns by scouts sent beyond Sneedville and by deserters who came in this morning that there is a large force at Flat Gap, 10 miles from Sneedville. This, of course, has prevented his scouting force, as I advised you in my last dispatch. The force at that gap is variously estimated from 1,000 to 10,000 men. I suppose it is a brigade guarding Longstreet's flank from an attack in this quarters, but possibly they may have in view a raid across our line of communications.

The block-house at Mulberry Gap is progressing well.

O. B. VILLCOX,
Brigadier-General.

 

HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE OHIO,
December 12, 1863.

Captain POE,

Chief Engineer, Department of the Ohio:

SIR: You will give such orders as will insure the speedy completion of all works at prominent points for defense about Knoxville. The works will be inclosed and made so as to render the place defensi ble by the garrisons of these works alone. You will then proceed to Lexington, visiting on your way Tazewell, Cumberland Gap, Mulberry Gap, where the road crosses Powell's River, and furnish the commanding officers of these places with plans of such works as in your judgment are required for their defense.

By command of Major-General Foster:

JNumbers F. ANDERSON,

Major and Aide-de-Camp.

 

Major-General FOSTER.

TAZEWELL, December 14, 1863.

GENERAL: Nothing further from the enemy on my left, except that yesterday a force of about 400 cavalry were this side Clinch River, on the Sneedville road, committing depredations; probably scouting and foraging. Nothing from them to-day. I sent your order to Captain Gross, who is coming on. I have sent to Barboursville for wire; also sent to Cumberland Gap for axes, and they will leave there for Knoxville to-morrow. No cross-cut saws, and have telegraphed Hall for one hundred.

This Sixth Indiana Cavalry are used up, and there is not sufficient cavalry force to scout the Sneedville road.

Very respectfully,

O. B. WILLCOX,
Brigadier-General.

Major-General FOSTER.

 

HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY CORPS,
Yoe's House, 6 Miles from Rutledge, December, 14, 1863-8.30.

Major-General PARKE,

Commanding Forces:

GENERAL: I have withdrawn my line to this side of the road leading to the river, 2 miles above Turley's Mill. I am thoroughly satisfied that Longstreet's command is in our front, and I think his cavalry is moving down the river. The picket from the Poor Valley road reports heavy firing over the mountain this evening in the direction of Tazewell. A dispatch came from General Foster to you; it had been opened by General Ferrero, and then addressed to you or me. I read it and sent it back immediately.

I am, general, very truly,

SHACKELFORD,

Brigadier-General.

 

 

TAZEWELL, Tennessee, December 14, 1863.

Major-General FOSTER,

Knoxville:

GENERAL: I have the honor of reporting that I arrived here this evening at about dark, having left Rutledge at 9 a.m. and Bean's Station at 1.30 p.m.

Lieutenant-Colonel Babcock accompanied General Parke to Bean's Station, and together with Lieutenant-Colonel Bowen and myself looked at the ground in that vicinity with a view to conform to your instructions. We decided that the works should partake of the nature of detached redoubts, placed in defensive relations with each other and the ground they were to occupy, or rather, an approximation thereto was chosen. Lieutenant-Colonel Babcock will make further examination and fix their exact locality. At the crossing of the Clinch River (Evans' Ford) I found a sufficient guard, under the command of Colonel Kise. The river was rising quite rapidly, but the guard had raised and repaired the ferry-boat, which was crossing successfully, being pulled back and forth by hand upon a cable stretched from one shore to another. I think that it would be well, as a matter of security, to have another boat built there, and will so notify Colonel Babcock. I found the road from Bean's Station to Tazewell much better than I expected, and I think that it will prove a passable winter road. When I arrived here this evening it was too dark to see, but I will go over the ground early in the morning. I find that considerable has been done here, and that fortunately there is an officer here with his regiment (Colonel Jackson, One hundred and eighteenth Indiana Volunteers) who is perfectly competent to do whatever may be required in the way of construction. A stockade is now being built at Mulberry Gap, and from the description given me by General Willcox it seems to be just what your instructions contemplated for occupancy by outposts. I will next examine the crossing of Powell's River, and then will go to Cumberland Gap.

I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,

O. M. POE,

Captain, and Chief Engineer, Army of the Ohio.

 

TAZEWELL, December 14, 1863.

Major-General PARKE:

GENERAL: About the time of Poe's arrival the linen to Bean's Station ceased to work. It is poorly put up between Thorn Hill and the station. I have no news in addition to that sent General Foster yesterday through General Shackelford, except that about 400 cavalry are reported to have crossed the Clinch from War Gap, on the Sneedville road, and were committing depredations. This came from Mulberry Gap last night, since when I have received two dispatches from there with no additional intelligence.

Very respectfully,

O. B. WILLCOX,

Brigadier-General.

 

TAZEWELL, December 16, 1863-5.40 p.m.

Major General JOHN G. PARKE:

GENERAL: Your dispatch of 6.45 p. m. yesterday received at 3 p.m. to-day. I sent you a dispatch this morning, inclosing others, both to you and General Foster, which were written night before last, but the first courier failed to get through. I hope you will receive those sent to-day. I have answered General Foster affirma tively in regard to the Twenty-third Corps, and replied fully to all dispatches received. I directed the courier who carried the dispatches to take a road which would take him in a little below Rutledge. A deserter from Longstreet's army reports that his brigade moved farther down from below Rogersville a few miles on Sunday. I fear you have had his whole army on your hands to-day. The enemy are at Thorn Hill in considerable force, and they are reported at other points between the river and the mountain. Please send me as early intelligence as possible. Success to you. The disposition of the troops between the river and Cumberland Gap will depend upon the information I may receive.

Very respectfully,

O. B. WILLCOX,

Brigadier-General.

 

 

HEADQUARTERS,
Minett's House, Maynardville Road, December 18, 1863.

GENERAL: Your note is just received. A brigade was sent last evening to occupy the gap on General Spears' left and to examine the country from Stone's Mill to the Holston. I will send an officer at once to see that there is no mistake in this matter. Your request in regard to a chain of couriers to Tazewell will be complied with at once.

I have just received a note from General Elliott, at Richland Creek bridge. He reports one of his brigades crossing at McKinney's Ford. General Spears represents to him that the enemy is in possession of Nance's Ford, or commands it. I think he should satisfy himself of this by a reconnaissance, and I will direct him to do so, which you will have time to countermand should you deem necessary. I would respectfully suggest that as General Spears has a brigade of cavalry at Stone's Mill, he might order such reconnaissances as are necessary from that, in the event of any misunderstanding by the other troops I have sent.

Respectfully, your obedient servant,

S. D. STURGIS,

Brigadier-General, Commanding Cavalry.

Major-General PARKE,

Blain's Cross-Roads.

 

Major-General GRANT,

Chattanooga.

KNOXVILLE, December 19, 1863. [Received Chattanooga, 21st.]

I have just returned from the front to find your telegrams of the 15th, 16th, and 18th.

Longstreet is near Rutledge with a force equal to my own, but shows no disposition to attack us in our position. Had circumstances been favorable, I intended to attack him, acting in accordance with what I understood to be the wishes of General Halleck, but I am not sure that it would prove a good operation; at any rate, the freshet in the river from the recent rains has delayed operations for some days. I would like to confer with you in order to understand more fully what operations will lead to the best results.

Can I do this by telegraphing from Tazewell, to which place I can go for the purpose, or will it be better to come to Chattanooga by boat?

J. G. FOSTER,

Major-General.

Major-General GRANT.

 

 

Chapter XLIII. THE KNOXVILLE, TENNESSEE, CAMPAIGN

TAZEWELL, December 20, 1863-9.15. a.m.

General JOHN G. FOSTER:

GENERAL: I regret to report that this command will be crippled in its movements for want of bread by the use of mills at Powell's River. The troops are barely able to subsist from day to day in this neighborhood. Command will be concentrated at Walker's Ford this afternoon. Supply trains not yet arrived at Cumberland Gap.

Very respectfully,

O. B. WILLCOX,

Brigadier-General.

 

TAZEWELL, December 20, 1863.

GENERAL: A citizen came into Evans' Ford this morning and reported to the officer in command there that a brigade of rebel cavalry were crossing the Clinch, 8 miles above Evans' Ford, and were moving in this direction. I have halted the regiments that were starting from here until the truth can be ascertained.

O. B. WILLCOX,
Brigadier-General.

HEADQUARTERS SECOND CAVALRY DIVISION,
Sawyer's House, December 20, 1863.

Major General J. G. PARKE,

Commanding Army in Field:

GENERAL: A band of rebel soldiers, about 60 men, came, as is supposed, from Powder Spring Gap last night, passed down Flat Creek Valley, crossed the road to Maynardville, and went down as far as Graveston, within 12 miles of Knoxville, and returned before day-light this morning. It was reported this morning that they had captured one of my courier-posts, but this is not true. I have heard of no damage done by the raid, although the mail from Cumberland Gap to Knoxville barely escaped. I have sent another scout over the road to-day. I called at your headquarters to-day in your absence to suggest the propriety of the better securing the communication both from Blain's Cross-Roads and Knoxville to Tazewell, by moving the Second Brigade of my division, now encamped near here, to the point where the road coming out of Flat Creek Valley crosses the road from Blain's Cross-Roads to Tazewell and Maynardville. The brigade at that point would be about 5 miles from the cross-roads, and 4 miles from infantry support, but it would be in much better position to watch the valleys on the north side of Clinch Mountain, and prevent, such raids as that of last night. If your approve the movement I will order it to be made in the morning.

Very respectfully,

JOHN W. FOSTER,

Colonel, Commanding Second Cavalry Division.

 

Major-General FOSTER.

TAZEWELL, December 20, 1863. (Received 21st.)

GENERAL: Major Conover scouted from Mulberry Gap up Sneedville road, and across the Clinch to Sneedville, within 6 miles from Flat Gap. Except a few guerrillas in the mountains, he has driven out what rebels there were this side of Clinch River. He reports that the rebels are throwing up works in Flat Gap and Union Gap, and posted artillery.

Now would be a grand opportunity for a descent on the salt-works from Berlin. If we had the cavalry it would be a good thing also to burn the New River railroad bridge. I have authorized Major Conover to promise $ 5,000 to Union men tho might do the work. I am waiting orders with regard to the Twenty-third Corps.

O. B. WILLCOX,
Brigadier-General.


KNOXVILLE, December 20, 1863.

(Received Strawberry Plains 9 p. M.)

General WILLCOX, Tazewell:

The expected movement has been delayed.* The commanding general wishes you therefore to concentrate your force at Tazewell, watching the fords of the Clinch River. Await further orders. The general wishes a report concerning the loss of the wagon train at Thorn Hill, the strength of the escort, and its conduct in the affair.

E. E. POTTER,
Chief of Staff.

[31.]

KNOXVILLE, December 21, 1863-7 a. M.

General WILLCOX:

Your dispatach received. Halt at Tazewell until further orders, and look out for the trains. I shall order a cavalry brigade to move at once in your direction.

J. G. FOSTER,
Major-General, Commanding.

 

Major-General FOSTER.

NEAR WALKER'S FORD, December 21, 1863.

GENERAL: I arrived here last evening with the available force of my command. Part was detained above till this soon by reports of the enemy's crossing Clinch River, the truth of which is not known yet. After leaving a sufficient force at Tazewell, of course I am far from strong. Wagons are out for subsistence, and I expect them in this evening. I have started an ammunition train to Knoxville, 18 wagons loaded with Enfield rifle ammunition, caliber.58, which I made up on seeing your dispatch to General Grant. Your dispatches with regard to the Twenty-third Corps, dated 17th and 19th instant, were received yesterday. Please relieve me as soon as possible from the unpleasant state of suspense in which I have been placed for nearly three months about my command. I have been without a positive command, and tied to six-months' troops and recruits, while my juniors have been commanding corps. If this continues I must resign or cease to be a man. You will appreciate my feeling, and I have every confidence in your justice.

I remain, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,

O. B. WILLCOX,
Brigadier-General.

Major-General FOSTER.

 

 

KY., SW. VA., Tennessee, MISS., N. ALA., AND N. GA

HEADQUARTERS SECOND CAVALRY DIVISION,
December 21, 1863-6 p.m.

Colonel HORACE CAPRON,

Commanding Second Cavalry Brigade, Page's Mill:

COLONEL: Your dispatch received. Report of scouts quite satisfactory. General Parke is anxious that you should be able to get a view from the heights of Clinch Mountain, in the vicinity of Powder Spring Gap, either above or below, and ascertain, if possible, the situation of the enemy's camp in the direction of Rutledge. It is reported that the main part of Longstreet's army is between Bean's Station and Rutledge, but the general has no certain intelligence of it. If at night you could have some officer of good judgment get a sight of their camp-fires, or a good view of their location with a glass at day, it would be highly acceptable to the general. He is anxious to know the position of the enemy's infantry and its estimated strength.

The general will expect your brigade to keep Flat Creek and Bull Run Valleys clear of the enemy, and protect the communications between Tazewell and Maynardville, watching the country as far as Clinch River. General Willcox, who is at Tazewell, has been ordered to place a force of infantry at Walker's Ford, on Clinch River. It would be well for you to keep in communication with that force.

You should watch Powder Spring Gap closely; if it is not too strongly held you might be able to get possession of it.

The enemy will be likely to attempt to send scouting parties out during the night.

Very respectfully,

JOHN W. FOSTER,

Colonel, Commanding Second Division.

You will see that you have taken such a position for your camp that the enemy cannot get in your rear and cut you off from the infantry.

 

TAZEWELL, December 22, 1863-3 p.m.

Major General JOHN G. PARKE,

Blain's Cross-Roads:

GENERAL: I arrived here about noon from Walker's Ford. All the information from Mulberry Gap and from deserters from the rebel army unites in the report that a rebel cavalry force has passed up the Clinch, but where it crossed or even whether it has crossed at all is unknown. So far they have not pressed in toward our trains. It may be that they have only crossed at the points heretofore reported for forage. Colonel Love has just arrived with a small cavalry force, which, I think, will be sufficient to guard the roads leading in between Clinch and Powell's Rivers from above. There is a battalion between Cumberland Gap and Jonesville, which reports the enemy moving down that road in some force, but I do not think it can be a large force, but a scouting party looking after the battalion which I sent from the gap toward Stickleyville last week, and which whipped the enemy in that quarter. I am much obliged to you, my dear general, for the information contained in your dispatch of yesterday morning, just received, and would thank you to forward this to General Foster, and if not too much trouble, a copy to General Sturgis.

Yours, very respectfully,

O. B. WILLCOX,

Brigadier-General.


HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE OHIO,
Knoxville, Tennessee, December 22, 1863.

Brigadier-General WILLCOX,

Commanding near Walker's Ford:

GENERAL: I telegraphed you on the 20th instant, stating that General Cox had arrived and, being senior brigadier-general, had been assigned, at his own request, to the command of the Twenty-third corps. I also stated that the expected movement of our army had been delayed, and that the commanding general wished you to concentrate your forces at Tazewell. The commanding general now directs that you take up such a position near Maynardville as will cover the road to Wheeler's Gap, and still avoid the possibility of being cut off by a large force coming from the direction of Powder Spring Gap.

Very respectfully, your obedient servant,

EDWARD BLAIN'S CROSS-ROADS,

December 22, 1863-midnight.

Colonel CAPRON,

Commanding Cavalry Brigade:

I wish you to move a strong scout up to Powder Spring Gap to-morrow morning, 23d, starting at 8 o'clock. An infantry force will move up this valley, and I have no doubt you will be able to drive the rebels out without difficulty.

Very respectfully, your obedient servant,

JNumbers G. PARKE,

Major-General.

 

Major-General FOSTER.


HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY CORPS,
Near Strawberry Plains, Tennessee, December 22, 1863. (Received 23d.)

GENERAL: General Elliott will cross his remaining brigade over the Holston early to-morrow, and I have ordered Colonel Wolford to cross his division at McKinney's Ford at daylight. Colonel Garrard will cross his brigade at the same time and place.

I have requested Major-General Parke to order a demonstration on his front by means of the brigade of Colonel Foster's division, now (temporarily) under his control. You will perceive I leave two brigades behind-the one just referred to,of Colonel Foster's division, and the one sent from Colonel Wolford's division to the vicinity of Tazewell.

In view of the sudden rise the Holston and French Broad Rivers are subject to at this season, I would respectfully urge upon the general commanding the great importance of a pontoon bridge at Strawberry Plains, in order to keep open our line of retreat; for should these rivers suddenly, and Longstreet be able by the railroad to throw a column of infantry against us, our safety might be placed in great jeopardy in the absence of such a bridge. Of his power to use the railroad in any event I know nothing; of this the commanding general is probably better posted than myself.

I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,

S. D. STURGIS,

Brigadier-General, Commanding Cavalry Corps.

 

TAZEWELL, December 24, 1863-10 a.m.

Major-General FOSTER:

Your order to move from Walker's Ford to Maynardville was not received till last night. The troops are on their way back to Walker's Ford. I will communicate with you from there.

Very respectfully,

O. B. WILLCOX,

Brigadier-General.

 

NEAR WALKER'S FORD,

December 24, 1863-6 p.m.

Major-General FOSTER:

GENERAL: The troops have crossed Walker's Ford and have encamped 2 miles this side. I have sent a courier to General Parke. Will move up in the morning to within 2 miles of Maynardville, where the road from Blain's Cross-Roads to Rutledge comes in, and take advantage of the halt to bring up stores and ammunition left in consequence by the wagons being out for forage. There are four regiments and two batteries, but if you need the troops they can march farther.

I am, general, very respectfully,

O. B. WILLCOX,

Brigadier-General.

 

HEADQUARTERS, Russellville, Tennessee, December 28, 1863.

Brig. General W. E. JONES,
Comdg. Cav. Brig.,through Maj. Gen. Ransom, Comdg.,&c.:

The commanding general desires to make a sudden and well-concealed dash upon Cumberland Gap, with the view of obtaining possession of it. Unless you can work secretly and quielty, your effort will not succeed. You can use Rucker's cavalry along the north side of Clinch Mountain, in the direction of Evan's Ford or across the Clinch River, as you may desire.

The commanding general directs me to say that if you will advise him of the proper time, he will throw Giltner's brigade across the Holston to move down and divert attention and protect this flank of your column, and indeed our entire line may be advanced at the same time to recover some of the foraging country that we have lost, and to prevent any re-enforcements moving in the direction of Cumberland Gap.

There is a force of 100 reported at Mulberry Gap, a regiment at Tazewell, and from 300 to 500 are reported at Cumberland Gap. It will be necessary, however, for you to secure definite information before making your movement, and endeavor to get between Tazewell and Cumberland Gap, and then to secure the latter as soon as practicable.

Major-General Ransom's infantry and artillery have been ordered to this side of the river, and the commanding general wishes you to give orders to Colonel Rucker, and use him in front, or where you find it necessary.

I am, general, very sincerely, your most obedient servant,

G. M. SORREL,

Lieutenant-Colonel, Assistant Adjutant-General.

 

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